PupStartWhat to Feed Your Puppy: Complete Nutrition Guide by Age
A veterinary nutritionist's guide to puppy feeding from 8 weeks to adulthood. Covers food types, portions, schedules, and common mistakes.
Why Puppy Nutrition Matters
Puppies grow 20 times faster than adult dogs in their first year. Proper nutrition during this period affects bone development, immune function, cognitive growth, and long-term health. Getting it right now prevents problems later.
Choosing the Right Food
Look for foods labeled "complete and balanced for growth" that meet AAFCO nutrient profiles. Large-breed puppies need food specifically formulated for large breeds to prevent skeletal issues from growing too quickly.
8-12 Weeks: Three to Four Meals Daily
Young puppies need frequent, small meals. Feed a high-quality puppy food three to four times daily. Soak kibble in warm water for easier chewing. Measure portions according to the food manufacturer's guidelines based on expected adult weight.
3-6 Months: Three Meals Daily
Transition to three meals per day. Your puppy's caloric needs are increasing rapidly. Monitor body condition — you should be able to feel ribs without pressing hard, and they should have a visible waist when viewed from above.
6-12 Months: Two Meals Daily
Most puppies can transition to twice-daily feeding by 6 months. Continue with puppy-specific food until your vet recommends switching to adult food (typically 12 months for small breeds, 18-24 months for large breeds).
Treats and Training Rewards
Training treats should make up no more than 10% of daily calories. Use small, soft treats for training sessions. Fruits like blueberries and vegetables like carrots make healthy alternatives.
Foods to Avoid
Chocolate, grapes, raisins, onions, garlic, xylitol (birch sugar), macadamia nuts, and cooked bones are toxic to dogs. Keep these out of reach at all times.
Hydration
Fresh, clean water should be available at all times. Puppies may need encouragement to drink enough, especially during hot weather or after play.
When to Consult Your Vet
If your puppy has persistent diarrhea, refuses food for more than 24 hours, or is not gaining weight as expected, schedule a vet visit. Some puppies have food sensitivities that require dietary adjustments.